Fix Caddy routing: use container:port via caddy_net (DoTheEvo pattern)

Undo the host.docker.internal approach from the previous commit — proper
Docker networking routes Caddy to services by container name on the shared
caddy_net, not via the host gateway.

- lib/common.sh: configure_caddy_for_service now accepts either a plain
  port number (localhost:PORT fallback) or container:port (preferred).
  The Caddyfile entry uses the container name for direct Docker DNS routing.
- services/caddy.sh: remove extra_hosts hack; update Caddyfile template
  comments to show container_name:port format
- All service files: update configure_caddy_for_service calls to pass
  container_name:internal_port (e.g. "filebrowser:80", "mealie:9000").
  Services using network_mode:host keep plain port numbers.
- tools/manage_users.sh: new FileBrowser user-management script (deployed
  to ~/docker/filebrowser/ during installation). Manages users via the
  FileBrowser REST API: list, add, delete, passwd, scope, info commands.
  Documents username format (letters/numbers/hyphens/underscores),
  password rules (min 8 chars, letter + number required), and scope path
  convention relative to /srv (= FB_PATH on the host).

https://claude.ai/code/session_01UZus2Q9gNTfUdqSMrhuX29

lib/common.sh

@@ -261,9 +261,20 @@ write_readme() {
 }
 
 # ── Caddy reverse-proxy wiring (shared by every web service) ─────────────────
-# Usage: configure_caddy_for_service "Name" "PORT" "default-subdomain" ["extra"]
+# Usage: configure_caddy_for_service "Name" "UPSTREAM" "default-subdomain" ["extra"]
+# UPSTREAM: container:port for caddy_net routing (e.g. "filebrowser:80"),
+#           or plain port number for localhost fallback (e.g. "8085").
 configure_caddy_for_service() {
-    local SERVICE_NAME="$1" SERVICE_PORT="$2" DEFAULT_SUBDOMAIN="$3" EXTRA_CONFIG="${4:-}"
+    local SERVICE_NAME="$1" SERVICE_UPSTREAM="$2" DEFAULT_SUBDOMAIN="$3" EXTRA_CONFIG="${4:-}"
+
+    # Derive the proxy upstream and a port number for display messages.
+    # Plain number  → localhost:PORT  (host-network or legacy services)
+    # name:port     → used as-is      (preferred: service on shared caddy_net)
+    local _UPSTREAM _DISPLAY_PORT
+    case "$SERVICE_UPSTREAM" in
+        *:*) _UPSTREAM="$SERVICE_UPSTREAM";           _DISPLAY_PORT="${SERVICE_UPSTREAM##*:}" ;;
+        *)   _UPSTREAM="localhost:$SERVICE_UPSTREAM"; _DISPLAY_PORT="$SERVICE_UPSTREAM"      ;;
+    esac
 
     # Caddy not installed → nothing to do
     [ -d "$DOCKER_DIR/caddy" ] || return 0
@@ -280,7 +291,7 @@ configure_caddy_for_service() {
     prompt_yn "Configure Caddy reverse proxy for $SERVICE_NAME? (y/n):" "n" CONFIGURE_CADDY
     if [ "$CONFIGURE_CADDY" != "y" ] && [ "$CONFIGURE_CADDY" != "Y" ]; then
         echo "  Skipping Caddy configuration."
-        echo "  Access $SERVICE_NAME at: http://localhost:$SERVICE_PORT"
+        echo "  Access $SERVICE_NAME at: http://localhost:$_DISPLAY_PORT"
         return 0
     fi
 
@@ -320,7 +331,7 @@ configure_caddy_for_service() {
 
 # $SERVICE_NAME
 $SERVICE_DOMAIN {
-    reverse_proxy host.docker.internal:$SERVICE_PORT
+    reverse_proxy $_UPSTREAM
 
     # Security headers
     header {

services/actualbudget.sh

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ AB_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$AB_DIR"
     log_success "Actual Budget configured at $AB_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "ActualBudget" "5006" "budget"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "ActualBudget" "actualbudget:5006" "budget"
 
     write_readme "$AB_DIR" << MD
 # Actual Budget

services/arm.sh

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ ARM_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$ARM_OUTPUT"
     log_success "A.R.M. configured at $ARM_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "A.R.M." "8080" "arm"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "A.R.M." "arm:8080" "arm"
 
     write_readme "$ARM_DIR" << MD
 # A.R.M. (Automatic Ripping Machine)

services/audiobookshelf.sh

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ ABS_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$ABS_DIR"
     log_success "Audiobookshelf configured at $ABS_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "AudioBookshelf" "13378" "audiobooks"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "AudioBookshelf" "audiobookshelf:80" "audiobooks"
 
     write_readme "$ABS_DIR" << MD
 # Audiobookshelf

services/caddy.sh

@@ -82,8 +82,6 @@ services:
       - ACME_AGREE=true
     labels:
       - "io.podman.annotations.label/crowdsec.enable=true"
-    extra_hosts:
-      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"
     networks:
       - caddy_net
 
@@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ CADDY_COMPOSE
 # Example:
 # myservice.yourdomain.com {
 #     import authelia
-#     reverse_proxy host.docker.internal:PORT
+#     reverse_proxy container_name:port
 # }
 
 # ActualBudget
@@ -133,7 +131,7 @@ CADDY_COMPOSE
 #         format json
 #         level INFO
 #     }
-#     reverse_proxy host.docker.internal:5006
+#     reverse_proxy actualbudget:5006
 #     header {
 #         Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"
 #         X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN"
@@ -174,7 +172,7 @@ a web service). You can also edit it by hand:
 
 ```
 myservice.example.com {
-    reverse_proxy host.docker.internal:1234
+    reverse_proxy container_name:1234
     log {
         output file /var/log/caddy/myservice.example.com.log
         format json

services/emby.sh

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ EMBY_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$EMBY_DIR"
     log_success "Emby configured at $EMBY_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Emby" "8096" "emby"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Emby" "emby:8096" "emby"
 
     write_readme "$EMBY_DIR" << MD
 # Emby

services/filebrowser.sh

@@ -67,10 +67,20 @@ FB_SETTINGS
 
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$FB_DIR"
 
+    # Deploy user-management helper script
+    local _TOOLS_DIR
+    _TOOLS_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../tools" 2>/dev/null && pwd)" || true
+    if [ -f "$_TOOLS_DIR/manage_users.sh" ]; then
+        cp "$_TOOLS_DIR/manage_users.sh" "$FB_DIR/manage_users.sh"
+        chmod 750 "$FB_DIR/manage_users.sh"
+        chown "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$FB_DIR/manage_users.sh"
+        log_success "manage_users.sh installed at $FB_DIR/manage_users.sh"
+    fi
+
     echo ""
     log_success "Filebrowser configured at $FB_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "FileBrowser" "8085" "files"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "FileBrowser" "filebrowser:80" "files"
 
     write_readme "$FB_DIR" << MD
 # FileBrowser

services/fmd.sh

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ FMD_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$FMD_DIR"
     log_success "FindMyDevice configured at $FMD_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "FindMyDevice" "8084" "fmd"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "FindMyDevice" "fmd:8080" "fmd"
 
     write_readme "$FMD_DIR" << MD
 # FindMyDevice (FMD)

services/frigate-audio.sh

@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ FNEOF
     # ── Caddy snippet ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     if [ -n "$FRIGATE_PUBLIC_URL" ] && [ "$FRIGATE_PUBLIC_URL" != "https://cam.yourdomain.com" ]; then
         local _DOM="${FRIGATE_PUBLIC_URL#https://}"
-        configure_caddy_for_service "Frigate" "8971" "frigate-audio" || true
+        configure_caddy_for_service "Frigate" "frigate-audio:8971" "frigate-audio" || true
     fi
 
     ensure_docker_dir_ownership "$DIR"

services/frigate.sh

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ FRIGATE_CONFIG
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$FRIGATE_MEDIA" 2>/dev/null || true
     log_success "Frigate configured at $FRIGATE_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Frigate" "5000" "frigate"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Frigate" "frigate:5000" "frigate"
 
     write_readme "$FRIGATE_DIR" << MD
 # Frigate NVR

services/homeassistant.sh

@@ -91,7 +91,11 @@ HA_CONFIG
     echo ""
     log_success "Home Assistant configured at $HOMEASSISTANT_DIR"
 
+    if [ "$HA_NETMODE" = "2" ]; then
         configure_caddy_for_service "Home Assistant" "8123" "home"
+    else
+        configure_caddy_for_service "Home Assistant" "homeassistant:8123" "home"
+    fi
 
     local START_HA=""
     prompt_yn "Start Home Assistant now? (y/n):" "y" START_HA

services/immich.sh

@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ IMPORT_BODY
 
     log_success "Immich configured at $IMMICH_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Immich" "2283" "immich"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Immich" "immich-server:2283" "immich"
 
     write_readme "$IMMICH_DIR" << MD
 # Immich

services/jellyfin.sh

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ JELLYFIN_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$JELLYFIN_DIR"
     log_success "Jellyfin configured at $JELLYFIN_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Jellyfin" "8096" "jellyfin"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Jellyfin" "jellyfin:8096" "jellyfin"
 
     write_readme "$JELLYFIN_DIR" << MD
 # Jellyfin

services/js99er.sh

@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ COMPOSE
     log_success "js99er configured at $JS99ER_DIR"
 
     # ── 5. Reverse proxy (no-ops if Caddy isn't installed locally) ───────────
-    configure_caddy_for_service "js99er" "$JS99ER_PORT" "js99er"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "js99er" "js99er:80" "js99er"
 
     # ── 6. Build & start ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     local START_JS99ER=""

services/magicmirror.sh

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ MM_COMPOSE
         log_success "MagicMirror instance $i configured at $MM_DIR (port $MM_PORT)"
 
         # Offer Caddy only for first instance
-        [ "$i" -eq 1 ] && configure_caddy_for_service "MagicMirror" "$MM_PORT" "mirror"
+        [ "$i" -eq 1 ] && configure_caddy_for_service "MagicMirror" "magicmirror-${MM_PORT}:8080" "mirror"
 
         local START_MM=""
         prompt_yn "Start instance $i now? (y/n):" "y" START_MM

services/mealie.sh

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ MEALIE_COMPOSE
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$MEALIE_DIR"
     log_success "Mealie configured at $MEALIE_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Mealie" "9925" "recipes"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Mealie" "mealie:9000" "recipes"
 
     write_readme "$MEALIE_DIR" << MD
 # Mealie

services/meshcentral.sh

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ MC_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$MC_DIR"
     log_success "MeshCentral configured at $MC_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "MeshCentral" "4430" "mesh"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "MeshCentral" "meshcentral:443" "mesh"
 
     write_readme "$MC_DIR" << MD
 # MeshCentral

services/ntfy.sh

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ NTFY_ENV
     echo ""
     log_success "ntfy configured at $NTFY_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "ntfy" "8090" "ntfy"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "ntfy" "ntfy:80" "ntfy"
 
     write_readme "$NTFY_DIR" << MD
 # ntfy

services/portainer.sh

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ PORTAINER_COMPOSE
     echo ""
     log_success "Portainer configured at $PORTAINER_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Portainer" "9000" "portainer"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Portainer" "portainer:9000" "portainer"
 
     write_readme "$PORTAINER_DIR" << MD
 # Portainer

services/traccar.sh

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ TRACCAR_XML
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$TRACCAR_DIR"
     log_success "Traccar configured at $TRACCAR_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Traccar" "8082" "traccar"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Traccar" "traccar:8082" "traccar"
 
     write_readme "$TRACCAR_DIR" << MD
 # Traccar

services/uptimekuma.sh

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ docker compose logs -f    # logs
 MD
 
     # Configure Caddy reverse proxy before starting
-    configure_caddy_for_service "Uptime Kuma" "3001" "uptime"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "Uptime Kuma" "uptime-kuma:3001" "uptime"
 
     local START_UPTIME=""
     prompt_yn "Start Uptime Kuma now? (y/n):" "y" START_UPTIME

services/wg-easy.sh

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ WGEASY_ENV
     chown -R "$ACTUAL_USER:$ACTUAL_USER" "$WGEASY_DIR"
     log_success "wg-easy configured at $WGEASY_DIR"
 
-    configure_caddy_for_service "wg-easy" "51821" "vpn"
+    configure_caddy_for_service "wg-easy" "wg-easy:51821" "vpn"
 
     write_readme "$WGEASY_DIR" << MD
 # wg-easy

tools/manage_users.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# manage_users.sh — FileBrowser user management via the REST API.
+#
+# Placed in ~/docker/filebrowser/ by the filebrowser installer.
+# Requires: curl, jq   (apt install curl jq)
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./manage_users.sh list
+#   ./manage_users.sh add    <username> <scope> [--admin]
+#   ./manage_users.sh delete <username>
+#   ./manage_users.sh passwd <username>
+#   ./manage_users.sh scope  <username> <new-scope>
+#   ./manage_users.sh info   <username>
+#
+# ── Username rules ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#   Letters, numbers, hyphens, underscores only.  No spaces or dots.
+#   Examples:  alice   bob-smith   data_user2
+#
+# ── Password rules ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#   Minimum 8 characters.  No maximum.
+#   Must contain at least one letter and one number.
+#   Special characters are allowed.
+#
+# ── Scope rules ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#   Scope is a path INSIDE the container, relative to the FileBrowser root (/srv).
+#   The volume in docker-compose.yml mounts your host path (FB_PATH) as /srv.
+#
+#   If FB_PATH is ~/drives/data1 then:
+#     /          → full access to ~/drives/data1
+#     /music     → ~/drives/data1/music only
+#     /docs/bob  → ~/drives/data1/docs/bob only
+#
+#   Admin account created on first login gets scope / by default.
+#
+# ── Examples ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#   Add admin with full access:
+#     ./manage_users.sh add admin /
+#
+#   Add alice with access to just the music directory:
+#     ./manage_users.sh add alice /music
+#
+#   Add bob as an admin with full access:
+#     ./manage_users.sh add bob / --admin
+#
+#   Change alice's password:
+#     ./manage_users.sh passwd alice
+#
+#   Restrict alice to a subdirectory:
+#     ./manage_users.sh scope alice /music/alice
+#
+#   List all users:
+#     ./manage_users.sh list
+#
+#   Delete bob:
+#     ./manage_users.sh delete bob
+#
+set -Eeuo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+FB_URL="${FB_URL:-http://localhost:8085}"
+
+# ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+die()  { echo "ERROR: $*" >&2; exit 1; }
+info() { echo "  $*"; }
+
+require_cmd() {
+    for cmd in "$@"; do
+        command -v "$cmd" &>/dev/null || die "'$cmd' not found. Install it: sudo apt install $cmd"
+    done
+}
+
+validate_username() {
+    local u="$1"
+    [[ -n "$u" ]]              || die "Username cannot be empty."
+    [[ "$u" =~ ^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$ ]] || die "Invalid username '$u'. Only letters, numbers, hyphens, underscores allowed."
+}
+
+validate_password() {
+    local p="$1"
+    [[ ${#p} -ge 8 ]]          || die "Password too short (minimum 8 characters)."
+    [[ "$p" =~ [a-zA-Z] ]]     || die "Password must contain at least one letter."
+    [[ "$p" =~ [0-9] ]]        || die "Password must contain at least one number."
+}
+
+validate_scope() {
+    local s="$1"
+    [[ "$s" == /* ]] || die "Scope must be an absolute path starting with / (e.g. /music or /)"
+}
+
+prompt_password() {
+    local varname="$1" prompt="${2:-Password}"
+    local p1 p2
+    while true; do
+        read -r -s -p "$prompt: " p1; echo
+        read -r -s -p "Confirm:  " p2; echo
+        [[ "$p1" == "$p2" ]] || { echo "  Passwords do not match. Try again."; continue; }
+        validate_password "$p1"
+        printf -v "$varname" "%s" "$p1"
+        break
+    done
+}
+
+# ── Authentication ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+get_token() {
+    local admin_user admin_pass
+    read -r -p "FileBrowser admin username [admin]: " admin_user
+    admin_user="${admin_user:-admin}"
+    read -r -s -p "FileBrowser admin password: " admin_pass; echo
+
+    local resp
+    resp=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}:%{stderr}" \
+        -X POST "$FB_URL/api/login" \
+        -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+        -d "{\"username\":\"$admin_user\",\"password\":\"$admin_pass\"}" 2>/dev/null || true)
+
+    local token
+    token=$(curl -s -X POST "$FB_URL/api/login" \
+        -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+        -d "{\"username\":\"$admin_user\",\"password\":\"$admin_pass\"}")
+
+    [[ "$token" == *"."*"."* ]] || die "Login failed. Check credentials and that FileBrowser is running."
+    echo "$token"
+}
+
+# ── API helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+api_get() {
+    local token="$1" path="$2"
+    curl -sf -X GET "$FB_URL$path" -H "X-Auth: $token"
+}
+
+api_post() {
+    local token="$1" path="$2" body="$3"
+    curl -sf -X POST "$FB_URL$path" \
+        -H "X-Auth: $token" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "$body"
+}
+
+api_put() {
+    local token="$1" path="$2" body="$3"
+    curl -sf -X PUT "$FB_URL$path" \
+        -H "X-Auth: $token" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "$body"
+}
+
+api_delete() {
+    local token="$1" path="$2"
+    curl -sf -X DELETE "$FB_URL$path" -H "X-Auth: $token"
+}
+
+# Returns user JSON object for the given username, or empty string if not found.
+find_user() {
+    local token="$1" username="$2"
+    api_get "$token" "/api/users" | jq -r --arg u "$username" '.[] | select(.username==$u)'
+}
+
+get_user_id() {
+    local token="$1" username="$2"
+    local user
+    user=$(find_user "$token" "$username")
+    [[ -n "$user" ]] || die "User '$username' not found."
+    echo "$user" | jq -r '.id'
+}
+
+# ── Default permissions for new non-admin users ──────────────────────────────
+default_perms() {
+    cat <<'JSON'
+{
+    "admin":    false,
+    "execute":  false,
+    "create":   true,
+    "rename":   true,
+    "modify":   true,
+    "delete":   true,
+    "share":    false,
+    "download": true
+}
+JSON
+}
+
+# ── Commands ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+cmd_list() {
+    local token
+    token=$(get_token)
+    echo
+    printf "%-20s  %-5s  %-30s\n" "USERNAME" "ADMIN" "SCOPE"
+    printf "%-20s  %-5s  %-30s\n" "--------" "-----" "-----"
+    api_get "$token" "/api/users" | \
+        jq -r '.[] | [.username, (if .perm.admin then "yes" else "no" end), .scope] | @tsv' | \
+        while IFS=$'\t' read -r uname is_admin scope; do
+            printf "%-20s  %-5s  %s\n" "$uname" "$is_admin" "$scope"
+        done
+}
+
+cmd_add() {
+    local username="$1" scope="$2" is_admin="${3:-false}"
+    validate_username "$username"
+    validate_scope "$scope"
+
+    local password
+    echo
+    echo "Setting password for new user '$username'."
+    echo "  Min 8 chars, at least one letter and one number."
+    echo
+    prompt_password password "New password for $username"
+
+    local token
+    token=$(get_token)
+
+    # Check if user already exists
+    local existing
+    existing=$(find_user "$token" "$username")
+    [[ -z "$existing" ]] || die "User '$username' already exists. Use 'passwd' or 'scope' to modify."
+
+    local perms
+    perms=$(default_perms)
+    if [[ "$is_admin" == "true" ]]; then
+        perms=$(echo "$perms" | jq '.admin = true')
+    fi
+
+    local body
+    body=$(jq -n \
+        --arg u "$username" \
+        --arg p "$password" \
+        --arg s "$scope" \
+        --argjson perms "$perms" \
+        '{username: $u, password: $p, scope: $s, locale: "en",
+          viewMode: "list", singleClick: false, sorting: {by: "name", asc: true},
+          perm: $perms, commands: [], lockPassword: false,
+          hideDotfiles: false, dateFormat: false}')
+
+    api_post "$token" "/api/users" "$body" >/dev/null
+    echo
+    info "User '$username' created."
+    info "  Scope:  $scope"
+    info "  Admin:  $is_admin"
+}
+
+cmd_delete() {
+    local username="$1"
+    validate_username "$username"
+
+    local token
+    token=$(get_token)
+
+    local uid
+    uid=$(get_user_id "$token" "$username")
+
+    local confirm
+    read -r -p "Delete user '$username' (id=$uid)? [y/N]: " confirm
+    [[ "${confirm,,}" == "y" ]] || { echo "Aborted."; exit 0; }
+
+    api_delete "$token" "/api/users/$uid" >/dev/null
+    echo
+    info "User '$username' deleted."
+}
+
+cmd_passwd() {
+    local username="$1"
+    validate_username "$username"
+
+    local token
+    token=$(get_token)
+
+    local uid user
+    uid=$(get_user_id "$token" "$username")
+    user=$(find_user "$token" "$username")
+
+    echo
+    echo "Changing password for '$username'."
+    echo "  Min 8 chars, at least one letter and one number."
+    echo
+
+    local password
+    prompt_password password "New password for $username"
+
+    local body
+    body=$(echo "$user" | jq --arg p "$password" '. + {password: $p}')
+    api_put "$token" "/api/users/$uid" "$body" >/dev/null
+    echo
+    info "Password updated for '$username'."
+}
+
+cmd_scope() {
+    local username="$1" new_scope="$2"
+    validate_username "$username"
+    validate_scope "$new_scope"
+
+    local token
+    token=$(get_token)
+
+    local uid user old_scope
+    uid=$(get_user_id "$token" "$username")
+    user=$(find_user "$token" "$username")
+    old_scope=$(echo "$user" | jq -r '.scope')
+
+    local body
+    body=$(echo "$user" | jq --arg s "$new_scope" '. + {scope: $s}')
+    api_put "$token" "/api/users/$uid" "$body" >/dev/null
+    echo
+    info "Scope updated for '$username': $old_scope → $new_scope"
+}
+
+cmd_info() {
+    local username="$1"
+    validate_username "$username"
+
+    local token
+    token=$(get_token)
+
+    local user
+    user=$(find_user "$token" "$username")
+    [[ -n "$user" ]] || die "User '$username' not found."
+
+    echo
+    echo "$user" | jq '{
+        username,
+        scope,
+        admin:    .perm.admin,
+        create:   .perm.create,
+        modify:   .perm.modify,
+        delete:   .perm.delete,
+        download: .perm.download,
+        execute:  .perm.execute
+    }'
+}
+
+usage() {
+    cat <<'USAGE'
+FileBrowser user management
+
+Usage:
+  manage_users.sh list
+  manage_users.sh add    <username> <scope> [--admin]
+  manage_users.sh delete <username>
+  manage_users.sh passwd <username>
+  manage_users.sh scope  <username> <new-scope>
+  manage_users.sh info   <username>
+
+Scope path is relative to /srv inside the container (= FB_PATH on the host).
+  /          full access to everything under FB_PATH
+  /music     only ~/drives/data1/music  (if FB_PATH=~/drives/data1)
+  /docs/bob  only ~/drives/data1/docs/bob
+
+Username: letters, numbers, hyphens, underscores only (no spaces or dots).
+Password: min 8 chars, at least one letter and one number.
+
+Examples:
+  ./manage_users.sh add admin /
+  ./manage_users.sh add alice /music
+  ./manage_users.sh add bob / --admin
+  ./manage_users.sh passwd alice
+  ./manage_users.sh scope alice /music/alice
+  ./manage_users.sh list
+  ./manage_users.sh delete bob
+USAGE
+}
+
+# ── Dispatch ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+require_cmd curl jq
+
+cmd="${1:-help}"
+shift || true
+
+case "$cmd" in
+    list)   cmd_list ;;
+    add)
+        [[ $# -ge 2 ]] || die "Usage: manage_users.sh add <username> <scope> [--admin]"
+        is_admin="false"
+        [[ "${3:-}" == "--admin" ]] && is_admin="true"
+        cmd_add "$1" "$2" "$is_admin"
+        ;;
+    delete) [[ $# -ge 1 ]] || die "Usage: manage_users.sh delete <username>"; cmd_delete "$1" ;;
+    passwd) [[ $# -ge 1 ]] || die "Usage: manage_users.sh passwd <username>";  cmd_passwd "$1" ;;
+    scope)
+        [[ $# -ge 2 ]] || die "Usage: manage_users.sh scope <username> <new-scope>"
+        cmd_scope "$1" "$2"
+        ;;
+    info)   [[ $# -ge 1 ]] || die "Usage: manage_users.sh info <username>";    cmd_info "$1"  ;;
+    help|--help|-h) usage ;;
+    *) echo "Unknown command: $cmd"; echo; usage; exit 2 ;;
+esac