Add Samba installation and rename readme to README.md
- Add Samba file sharing installation and configuration to match README documentation (was documented but not implemented) - Rename ubuntu-readme.md to README.md for standard GitHub display - Update download instructions with actual GitHub repository URLs
This commit is contained in:
Claude
@@ -0,0 +1,637 @@
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# Ubuntu 24.04 Desktop Post-Installation Script
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Automated setup script for Ubuntu 24.04 Desktop that installs essential tools, configures SSH, sets up Docker, configures remote access, and creates a split-backup system using rclone.
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## What This Script Does
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### Core Utilities Installed
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- **net-tools** - Network utilities (ifconfig, netstat)
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- **ncdu** - Disk usage analyzer with ncurses interface
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- **git** - Version control system
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- **curl & wget** - Download tools
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- **vim** - Text editor (instructions use nano)
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- **htop** - Interactive process viewer
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- **tree** - Directory structure visualizer
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- **zip/unzip** - Archive utilities
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- **rclone** - Sync tool for split backup strategy
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### SSH Configuration
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- **OpenSSH Server** - Enables remote SSH access
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- **SSH Key Generation** - Creates 4096-bit RSA key pair for this computer
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- **Key Import** - Optionally imports public keys from GitHub and/or Launchpad
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- **Security** - Automatically disables password authentication if keys are imported
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### Docker Installation
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- **Docker Engine** - Latest version from official Docker repository (not snap)
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- **Docker Compose** - Installed as a plugin (modern method)
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- **User Configuration** - Adds your user to docker group (run docker without sudo)
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### Samba File Sharing
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- **Samba Server** - SMB/CIFS file server for network file sharing
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- **Primary Drive Share** - Entire primary drive shared as "Primary"
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- **User Configuration** - Creates Samba user matching your system username
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- **Cross-Platform Access** - Works with Windows, Mac, and Linux
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### Remote Access Tools
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- **NetBird** - Mesh VPN for secure device connections
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- Supports both NetBird SSH and traditional SSH
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- Enables remote access across networks
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- **RustDesk** - Open-source remote desktop software
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### Backup System - Split Backup Strategy
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- **Automated rclone backup script** using split-backup approach
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- **Mount point management** at `~/drives/primary`, `~/drives/backup1`, `~/drives/backup2`
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- **Interactive drive mounting** with automatic fstab configuration
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- **Systemd timer** for scheduled daily backups (optional)
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## Prerequisites
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- Fresh Ubuntu 24.04 Desktop installation
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- Sudo/root access
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- Internet connection
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- (Optional) External drives for backup configuration
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## Quick Start
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### 1. Download the Script
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```bash
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# Clone the repository
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git clone https://github.com/outis1one/post-ubuntu-install.git
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cd post-ubuntu-install
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# Or download the script directly
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/outis1one/post-ubuntu-install/main/ubuntu-post-install.sh -O post-install.sh
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```
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### 2. Make Executable
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```bash
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chmod +x post-install.sh
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```
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### 3. Run the Script
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```bash
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sudo ./post-install.sh
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```
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### 4. Follow Interactive Prompts
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The script will ask you:
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- **SSH Key Generation**: Generate new 4096-bit RSA key? (y/n)
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- **Import SSH Keys**: GitHub username, Launchpad username (or leave blank)
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- **Mount Drives**: Mount backup drives now? (y/n)
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- **Drive Selection**: Device paths for primary, backup1, backup2 (e.g., /dev/sdb1)
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- **fstab Configuration**: Add mounts to /etc/fstab for auto-mount? (y/n)
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- **Samba Password**: Set password for Samba user (suggested: use same as system password)
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### 5. Post-Installation Steps
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**Required:**
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```bash
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# Log out and back in for docker group to take effect
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logout
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```
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**Recommended:**
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```bash
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# Configure rclone backup (see Backup Configuration section)
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sudo nano /usr/local/bin/backup-scripts/rclone-backup.sh
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```
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## SSH Configuration
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### SSH Key Combinations Supported
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You can use **any combination** of:
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- ✓ GitHub keys + Launchpad keys + NetBird SSH
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- ✓ GitHub keys only
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- ✓ Launchpad keys only
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- ✓ NetBird SSH only
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- ✓ Your generated key + any of the above
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- ✓ Password authentication only (if no keys imported)
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### Traditional SSH vs NetBird SSH
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**Traditional SSH** (uses imported keys):
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```bash
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ssh user@hostname
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ssh user@192.168.1.100
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```
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**NetBird SSH** (manages keys automatically):
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```bash
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netbird ssh peer-name
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```
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These work independently - NetBird SSH works even if password auth is disabled.
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### Your Generated SSH Key
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After installation, find your public key:
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```bash
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cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
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```
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Use it to:
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- Add to GitHub: Settings → SSH and GPG keys → New SSH key
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- Add to other servers: Append to remote `~/.ssh/authorized_keys`
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- Connect from this computer to other servers
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## Backup Configuration
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### Understanding Split Backup Strategy
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**The Problem:**
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- Your primary drive: 4TB
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- Your backup drives: 2TB each
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- Can't fit full primary on one backup drive
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**The Solution:**
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Divide your data between backup1 and backup2:
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```
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primary/work/ (500G) → backup1/work/ ┐
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primary/photos/ (800G) → backup1/photos/ ├─ 1.3TB on backup1
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┘
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primary/videos/ (1.2T) → backup2/videos/ ┐
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primary/music/ (500G) → backup2/music/ ├─ 1.7TB on backup2
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┘
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```
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### Step-by-Step Backup Setup
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#### 1. Check Your Folder Sizes
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```bash
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du -sh ~/drives/primary/*
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```
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Example output:
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```
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500G primary/work
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800G primary/photos
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1.2T primary/videos
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500G primary/music
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```
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#### 2. Edit the Backup Script
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```bash
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sudo nano /usr/local/bin/backup-scripts/rclone-backup.sh
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```
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Find and edit these sections:
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```bash
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# Folders to backup to BACKUP1 only
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BACKUP1_DIRS=(
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"work" # 500G
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"photos" # 800G
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)
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# Total: ~1.3TB
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# Folders to backup to BACKUP2 only
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BACKUP2_DIRS=(
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"videos" # 1.2T
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"music" # 500G
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)
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# Total: ~1.7TB
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```
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**Balance the data** so each backup drive has enough space.
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#### 3. Test with Dry-Run (CRITICAL!)
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```bash
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# Test backup1 sync (shows what WOULD happen)
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rclone sync ~/drives/primary/work ~/drives/backup1/work --checksum --dry-run -v
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# Test backup2 sync
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rclone sync ~/drives/primary/videos ~/drives/backup2/videos --checksum --dry-run -v
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```
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Review the output carefully!
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#### 4. Run First Backup
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```bash
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sudo /usr/local/bin/backup-scripts/rclone-backup.sh
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```
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Monitor progress:
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```bash
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tail -f /var/log/rclone-backup.log
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```
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#### 5. Enable Automatic Backups (Optional)
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After successful manual backup:
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```bash
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sudo systemctl enable rclone-backup.timer
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sudo systemctl start rclone-backup.timer
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```
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Check status:
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```bash
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sudo systemctl status rclone-backup.timer
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sudo systemctl list-timers
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```
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Change schedule (default: 2 AM daily):
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```bash
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sudo systemctl edit rclone-backup.timer
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```
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### Manual Drive Mounting
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If you skipped auto-mounting during installation:
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```bash
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# Create mount points (already done by script)
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mkdir -p ~/drives/primary ~/drives/backup1 ~/drives/backup2
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# Find your drives
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lsblk -f
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sudo blkid
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# Mount drives
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sudo mount /dev/sdb1 ~/drives/primary
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sudo mount /dev/sdc1 ~/drives/backup1
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sudo mount /dev/sdd1 ~/drives/backup2
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# Make permanent (add to /etc/fstab)
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sudo nano /etc/fstab
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```
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Add lines like:
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```
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UUID=xxxx-xxxx /home/username/drives/primary auto defaults 0 2
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UUID=yyyy-yyyy /home/username/drives/backup1 auto defaults 0 2
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UUID=zzzz-zzzz /home/username/drives/backup2 auto defaults 0 2
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```
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## Drive Failure Recovery
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### If PRIMARY Drive Fails ⚠️ CRITICAL
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You need **BOTH** backup drives to restore (data is split between them):
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```bash
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# 1. Get new drive (same size or larger)
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# 2. Format it
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sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1
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# 3. Mount as primary
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sudo mount /dev/sdX1 ~/drives/primary
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# 4. Restore from BOTH backups
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rclone sync ~/drives/backup1/ ~/drives/primary/ --checksum
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rclone sync ~/drives/backup2/ ~/drives/primary/ --checksum
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# 5. Update /etc/fstab with new UUID
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sudo blkid /dev/sdX1
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sudo nano /etc/fstab
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```
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### If BACKUP Drive Fails
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Example: backup1 fails (contained work/ and photos/ backups)
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**Status:**
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- ✓ Primary still has work/ and photos/ (original data is safe)
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- ✓ backup2 still works (videos/ and music/ still backed up)
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- ⚠️ work/ and photos/ have NO backup until backup1 is replaced
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**Recovery:**
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```bash
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# 1. Replace the drive
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# 2. Format it
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sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1
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# 3. Mount it
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sudo mount /dev/sdX1 ~/drives/backup1
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# 4. Update /etc/fstab if needed
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sudo nano /etc/fstab
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# 5. Run backup script - syncs assigned folders back
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sudo /usr/local/bin/backup-scripts/rclone-backup.sh
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```
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**⚠️ Replace failed backup drives quickly!** While a backup is down, those folders have no redundancy.
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## Verification Commands
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### Check Backups Match Primary
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```bash
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# Verify backup1 folders
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rclone check ~/drives/primary/work ~/drives/backup1/work
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rclone check ~/drives/primary/photos ~/drives/backup1/photos
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# Verify backup2 folders
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rclone check ~/drives/primary/videos ~/drives/backup2/videos
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rclone check ~/drives/primary/music ~/drives/backup2/music
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```
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If perfect: "0 differences found"
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### Check Space Usage
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```bash
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# See what's on each drive
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du -sh ~/drives/primary/*
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du -sh ~/drives/backup1/*
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du -sh ~/drives/backup2/*
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# Check free space
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df -h ~/drives/primary
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df -h ~/drives/backup1
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df -h ~/drives/backup2
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```
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## NetBird Setup
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```bash
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# 1. Connect to NetBird (opens browser for auth)
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netbird up
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# 2. View connected peers
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netbird status
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# 3. SSH via NetBird (if enabled in dashboard)
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netbird ssh peer-name
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# 4. Configure ACLs and settings
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# Visit: https://app.netbird.io
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```
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## Samba File Sharing
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The script automatically shares your **entire primary drive** via Samba.
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### Share Details
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- **Share name**: Primary
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- **Path**: `~/drives/primary`
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- **Username**: Your system username
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- **Password**: The Samba password you set during installation (suggested to match your system password)
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- **Permissions**: Read/Write access for the configured user
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### Accessing the Share
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**From Windows:**
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```
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1. Open File Explorer
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2. In the address bar, type:
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\\hostname\Primary
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Or use IP: \\192.168.1.100\Primary
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3. Enter credentials when prompted:
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Username: your_username
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Password: your_samba_password
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```
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**From macOS:**
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```
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1. Open Finder
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2. Press Cmd+K (or Go → Connect to Server)
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3. Enter:
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smb://hostname/Primary
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Or: smb://192.168.1.100/Primary
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4. Click Connect and enter credentials
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```
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**From Linux:**
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```bash
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# Browse in file manager
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smb://hostname/Primary
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# Or mount manually
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sudo mkdir /mnt/primary-share
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sudo mount -t cifs //hostname/Primary /mnt/primary-share -o username=your_username
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```
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### Find Your Hostname/IP
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```bash
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# Show hostname
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hostname
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# Show IP address
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hostname -I
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ip addr show
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```
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### Managing Samba
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```bash
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# Restart Samba
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sudo systemctl restart smbd nmbd
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# Check status
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sudo systemctl status smbd
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# View share configuration
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sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
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# Change Samba password
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sudo smbpasswd your_username
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# Add additional users
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sudo smbpasswd -a new_username
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```
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|
||||
### Add Additional Shares
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||||
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||||
Edit `/etc/samba/smb.conf`:
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||||
```bash
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sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
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```
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Add new share:
|
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```ini
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[ShareName]
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comment = Description of share
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path = /path/to/share
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browseable = yes
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read only = no
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writable = yes
|
||||
valid users = username
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create mask = 0775
|
||||
directory mask = 0775
|
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```
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|
||||
Restart Samba:
|
||||
```bash
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sudo systemctl restart smbd nmbd
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Troubleshooting Samba
|
||||
|
||||
**Can't connect to share:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check if Samba is running
|
||||
sudo systemctl status smbd
|
||||
|
||||
# Check firewall (if enabled)
|
||||
sudo ufw allow samba
|
||||
|
||||
# Test configuration
|
||||
testparm
|
||||
|
||||
# View active connections
|
||||
sudo smbstatus
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Permission denied:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check share permissions
|
||||
ls -la ~/drives/primary
|
||||
|
||||
# Ensure Samba user exists
|
||||
sudo pdbedit -L
|
||||
|
||||
# Reset Samba password
|
||||
sudo smbpasswd your_username
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Troubleshooting
|
||||
|
||||
### Docker Permission Denied
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# If you get "permission denied" after install
|
||||
# Log out and back in for group membership to take effect
|
||||
logout
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### SSH Key Already Exists
|
||||
|
||||
If you see "key already exists" warning:
|
||||
- Choose 'n' to keep existing key
|
||||
- Or choose 'y' to overwrite (cannot be undone!)
|
||||
|
||||
### Drive Won't Mount
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check if drive is recognized
|
||||
lsblk -f
|
||||
|
||||
# Check filesystem
|
||||
sudo fsck /dev/sdX1
|
||||
|
||||
# Try manual mount
|
||||
sudo mount -t auto /dev/sdX1 ~/drives/primary
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Backup Script Fails
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check if drives are mounted
|
||||
df -h | grep drives
|
||||
|
||||
# Check log for errors
|
||||
tail -50 /var/log/rclone-backup.log
|
||||
|
||||
# Verify directories exist on primary
|
||||
ls -la ~/drives/primary/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### NetBird Won't Connect
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Check service status
|
||||
sudo systemctl status netbird
|
||||
|
||||
# Restart service
|
||||
sudo systemctl restart netbird
|
||||
|
||||
# Check logs
|
||||
sudo journalctl -u netbird -f
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Samba Share Not Accessible
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Verify Samba is running
|
||||
sudo systemctl status smbd
|
||||
|
||||
# Check share configuration
|
||||
testparm
|
||||
|
||||
# View Samba users
|
||||
sudo pdbedit -L
|
||||
|
||||
# Check if firewall is blocking
|
||||
sudo ufw status
|
||||
sudo ufw allow samba
|
||||
|
||||
# Restart Samba
|
||||
sudo systemctl restart smbd nmbd
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Split Backup Advantages & Disadvantages
|
||||
|
||||
### ✓ Advantages
|
||||
- **Budget-friendly**: 4TB primary = 2TB backup1 + 2TB backup2 (saves money)
|
||||
- **Simpler than RAID**: No complex RAID setup or rebuild process
|
||||
- **Easy recovery**: Mount points stay the same, just swap drives
|
||||
- **No downtime**: Replace drives one at a time
|
||||
- **Flexible**: Easily rebalance folders between drives
|
||||
|
||||
### ⚠️ Disadvantages
|
||||
- **Split redundancy**: Each folder backed up to ONE drive only (not both)
|
||||
- **Two-drive restore**: Need BOTH backups to fully restore primary
|
||||
- **Urgent replacement**: Failed backup leaves some folders without redundancy
|
||||
- **Manual balancing**: You must divide folders between drives yourself
|
||||
|
||||
## Files Created by This Script
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
/usr/local/bin/backup-scripts/rclone-backup.sh # Backup script
|
||||
/etc/systemd/system/rclone-backup.service # Systemd service
|
||||
/etc/systemd/system/rclone-backup.timer # Systemd timer
|
||||
/var/log/rclone-backup.log # Backup log
|
||||
/etc/fstab.backup-TIMESTAMP # fstab backup (if modified)
|
||||
/etc/ssh/sshd_config.backup # SSH config backup (if modified)
|
||||
/etc/samba/smb.conf.backup-TIMESTAMP # Samba config backup
|
||||
~/drives/primary/ # Primary mount point (shared via Samba)
|
||||
~/drives/backup1/ # Backup1 mount point
|
||||
~/drives/backup2/ # Backup2 mount point
|
||||
~/.ssh/id_rsa # Private SSH key (if generated)
|
||||
~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub # Public SSH key (if generated)
|
||||
~/.ssh/authorized_keys # Imported SSH keys (if any)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Security Notes
|
||||
|
||||
- **Private SSH key** (`~/.ssh/id_rsa`): Keep secret! Never share!
|
||||
- **Public SSH key** (`~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub`): Safe to share
|
||||
- **Password authentication**: Disabled if keys imported (more secure)
|
||||
- **Docker group**: Equivalent to root access - only add trusted users
|
||||
- **Samba password**: Stored separately from system password; change with `sudo smbpasswd username`
|
||||
- **Samba shares**: Only accessible to configured users; ensure strong passwords
|
||||
- **Network security**: Samba shares are accessible to anyone on your local network who has credentials
|
||||
- **Backup drives**: Consider encrypting sensitive data
|
||||
|
||||
## Support & Feedback
|
||||
|
||||
This script continues even if individual packages fail. Check the output for warnings or errors.
|
||||
|
||||
To report issues or improve the script:
|
||||
- Review log files in `/var/log/`
|
||||
- Check systemd service status
|
||||
- Verify drive mounts with `df -h`
|
||||
|
||||
## License
|
||||
|
||||
This script is provided as-is for Ubuntu 24.04 Desktop installations.
|
||||
|
||||
## Changelog
|
||||
|
||||
- Initial version: Ubuntu 24.04 Desktop post-installation automation
|
||||
- Features: SSH (with key generation and import), Docker, Samba file sharing, NetBird, RustDesk, split-backup with rclone
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user